Book Description
Literally encyclopedic -- almost the length of a volume of the Britannica in terms both of number of pages and content per page--Capitalism: A Treatise on Economics is the philosophically and intellectually strongest and most comprehensive book in the defense of laissez-faire capitalism that can be found anywhere in the world at the present time. It is state of the art in economic theory and political philosophy.
The intelligent, open-minded reader who seeks to understand the economics and politics of the modern world (along with much of its closely related history and social and cultural phenomena), and what is required to improve mankind's lot in these two vital areas, need look no further than to this book.
Customer Reviews:
Socialism Kills.......2007-05-26
George Reisman, "Under communism (socialism), there is no incentive to supply people with anything they need or want, including safety."
Von Mises Meets Rand.......2006-09-18
George Reisman's book CAPITALISM is impressive on many levels. Most notably, the book is big - over 1000 double-spaced pages. Dr. Reisman covers just about every subject necessary for a full-orbed defense of capitalism, including some that have come up since Murray Rothbard and Ludwig von Mises's treatises such as environmentalism, socialized medicine, racism and the energy "crisis."
Dr. Reisman's intellectual pedigree is interesting. He studied under Ludwig von Mises and also came under the influence of Ayn Rand. This treatise is not an updated version of MAN, ECONOMY, AND STATE and HUMAN ACTION. Reisman freely acknowledges his debt to classical economics and on certain issues, such as the relationship between prices and the cost of production. He calls his work "Austro-classical."
I'm not an economist, so I can't say whether Dr. Reisman's fusion of Austrian and classical economics is an improvement over Austrian economics. At the same time, I will say that, while I'm quite familiar with capitalist apologetics, I found many of Dr. Reisman's arguments ingenious and compelling. The discussion of price controls in particular was outstanding.
One aspect of CAPITALISM with which I disagree is Reisman's reliance on Ayn Rand in arguing for certain non-economic points. To be sure, Rand helped advance the cause of capitalism and individual liberty, but I think that most of Rand's good points were advocated by others before (and often better). For example, Dr. Reisman makes the point that in a capitalist economy the less able benefit to the extent that the more able are permitted to advance. He asserts that this principle was first identified by Rand (she called it the "pyramid-of-ability" principle). However, this has been a staple of free market economics long before anyone ever heard of Ayn Rand. It is found not only in von Mises, but in conservative writers such as W. H. Mallock in his 1894 book LABOUR AND THE POPULAR WELFARE.
In addition, I don't find some of Reisman's comments concerning the late Murray Rothbard entirely fair. (Rothbard, it will be remembered, broke from Rand in 1958.) I'm the first to dissent from portions of Rothbard's views of foreign policy, but the claim that he was an admirer of the Soviet Union is inaccurate.
An Exhaustive Defense of Laissez-Faire Capitalism.......2006-05-17
Capitalism: A Treatise on Economics is an exhaustive defense of laissez-faire capitalism as prerequisite for continued progress of material
civilization.
By integrating forgotten but sound principles of such classical economists as Smith, Ricardo, Say, and James and John Stuart Mill with equally sound principles of such Austrian economists as Menger, Býhm-Bawerk, Wieser, and Mises, Reisman develops powerful and highly original theories of aggregate profit and interest, saving and capital accumulation, wages, and aggregate economic accounting. In the course of presenting these theories, he demonstrates the role of technological innovation in reducing prices and increasing the supply of capital goods. He demonstrates that the economic function of businessmen and capitalists is to raise the productivity of labor and thereby the standard of living of the average wage earner. By applying his developed theories in scholarly but compulsively readable detail, Reisman dismantles Marxism, Keynesianism, the "monopoly" and "oligopoly" doctrines, environmentalism, and all fundamental forms of socialism and interventionism. This book is at once an introductory, intermediate, and advanced text on economic theory, as well as a mine of information on current political and economic issues.
Indispensable for those who value freedom and prosperity. .......2006-02-10
When classical economists such as Adam Smith incorrectly stated that labour constitutes the most significant component of a product's true market value, Carl Marx's Marxism was the consequence. The consequence of Marxism allied to a hugely diminished understanding of Capitalism in the opening decades of the twentieth century was the adoption of John Maynard Keynes' Keynesianism and its massively destructive influence on the freedom and prosperity of westerners.
Professor George Reisman rethinks the classical economists' position from the point of view of productivity as the most significant component of a product's true market value, and uses this corrected view of Capitalism, along with other considerations, to thoroughly trash the philosophies of Carl Marx and John Maynard Keynes. In addition, he clearly explains how division of labour and the withdrawal of government from crippling economic and legislative interference in the free market would enormously benefit everyone.
The consequences of this not happening are that the Freedoms specified by our Rights can never be achieved and the level of services and prosperity we want to have will never come about. The reader of Capitalism will be enlightened about how what we want to happen can happen without recourse to government intervention and the inevitable destruction of the Freedom specified by our Rights.
Reisman vs Rothbard........2006-01-26
Reisman is in very many aspects comparable to Adam Smith. His Opus Magnum, Capitalism, is very interesting, and contains many surprising, and at times even insights that are genial. Reisman is, as far as I know, the first, and up till now only one who tried to integrate Classical economics and Austrian economics into one structure.
Although the book is impressive in both size and content, his intended integration has failed. In his quest to integrate, he is at many points careless and sloppy, and produces many arguments that seem plausible at first sight, but at further inspection are either wrong, or are not deep enough to touch the core, or are mutually contradictory. Some are even clearly refuted. Moreover, he often changes the contents of other economists..
For example, on page 794 he states that Eugen von Böhm Bawerk commits the same error as the productivity theory, by failing to make a distinction between increased physical productivity and the creation of value. As a matter of fact, Eugen von Böhm Bawerk himself has refuted the productivity theory on exactly this ground in his first book of the 3 volume treatise: Capital and Interest in a painstakingly precise way. I guess that Reisman has only studied the second volume.
Eugen von Böhm Bawerk even produces several concrete counter examples to illustrate this distinction.
Furthermore, Reisman's attack on von Böhm Bawerk disregards the fact, that von Böhm Bawerk made his assertions in a context of economic equilibrium (later called the ERE by von Mises and Rothbard). Reisman constructs an 'out of equilibrium scenario' wherein the explanation of von Böhm Bawerk is apparently refuted. However, the vision Reisman refutes is not that of Eugen von Böhm Bawerk..
There is a reason why Reisman does this, which, I think, is a mistake. For Reisman has a much simpler definition of profit than Böhm Bawerk, von Mises and Rothbard. Reisman defines profit as Money Income out of the sales of products minus Money Spent in the production of these products.
Eugen von Böhm Bawerk, von Mises and Rothbard have a more complicated definition of profit. They first define the Equally Revolving Economy and the existence of an equilibrium point. Then, in this context, the difference between Money Income minus Money Spent, which is in this situation always positive, is called originary interest by von Böhm Bawerk, and simply interest by von Mises and Rothbard. Profit or loss is defined as total sales revenue minus money expenditure minus (originary) interest. In other words, (originary) interest is included in profit in Reisman's definition, and excluded in the visions of Böhm Bawerk, von Mises and Rothbard.
This drastic change in definition means that Reisman has eliminated the ERE from economy! Therefore, according to Reisman's economic vision, there is no such thing as an equilibrium point. The economy is always changing. The mistake of Reisman is, that he does not recognize that Eugen von Böhm Bawerk, von Mises and Rothbard's explanation view the economy from a higher level. The economy, even in the case of an ERE, is a dynamic equilibrium. You must first understand the ERE, as a dynamical system, and then you can move to a higher level of understanding by looking at changes in the dynamics. Profit then becomes a second order phenomenon. It occurs as a change of something already changing. This makes Reisman's vision on economics to be an oversimplification.
The reason for this drastic change becomes apparent at the end of the book. He wants to use economy to make a case for capitalists and businessmen. What he asserts is basically this:
In a beginning economy people begin with raw materials and no capital goods. They transform the raw materials directly into consumption goods. Money expenditure is zero, and therefore sales revenue equals net income, which is, according to his definition, profits. In other words, his definition makes all income in a beginning economy identical to profits, and therefore to be the same type of income as all net income in an advanced economy.
Since it is the consensus that in a pre-capitalist economy there are only laborers, it follows that profit income is of necessity also labor income! Since profit is the only kind of income there is, capitalists and businessmen, earning profits, a second order form of income, are brought down to the level of laborers, who only earn first order forms of income. Therefore, according to Reisman the error of socialism is that they just do not understand that businessmen and capitalists are laborers too!
Reisman has, by changing the definition of profit, incorporated the very error of Adam Smith, A. Rodbertus and Karl Marx, which he accuses Rothbard and Eugen von Böhm Bawerk of making. He has changed the capitalists into laborers, and therefore implicitly he himself has formulated a variation of the statement that `all value arises out of labor', which is thoroughly refuted, again, in the first volume of Capital and Interest of Eugen von Böhm Bawerk. Reisman overlooks the fact, stated clearly by Eugen von Böhm Bawerk, that: the height of the income of capitalists depends on the amount of capital they possess, and not at all on the amount of work they perform. In laymen's terms, laborers work for money, while capitalists let money work for them.
His argument is not without merit, though. It can be used to reverse the whole argument, and that is probably what Reisman tried to do, but failed to accomplish: it is not labor as such that causes income, but the products (goods and/or services) that are the result of labor. (Services are the result of education, which changes people into `human capital', a concept Reisman considers as totally flawed.) It does not matter at all for the buyers whether products are created by labor or, to take the example of Eugen von Böhm Bawerk's wine, is the result of maturation in a cellar, or is the result of luck in finding a large uncut diamond, or, in the case of photo models, is innate, or the result of pure magic!
People pay for products because they are either too difficult or impossible for them to create and/or realize and/or have the luck to realize the product by their own efforts.
This applies to all products, whether realized by businessmen and capitalists or laborers. So capitalists are not laborers, but laborers are also capitalists! The only difference between businessmen and capitalists on the one hand and laborers on the other hand, is that the former group is just more intelligent in dealing with money. Businessmen and capitalists move literally on a higher level, because they earn a second order income. Income out of understanding, and not out of labor..
The book contains further a glaring contradiction. Reisman has taken over the Quantity Theory of Money of Irving Fisher, which has been clearly refuted, if not demolished in Rothbard's book: "Man, Economy and State", in pages 727 to 740 of that book. Reisman on the one hand endorses the Marginal Utility theory of value, and seems to be completely oblivious to the fact that the Quantity Theory of Money rests on the common belief, taken over from Aristotle, that there can only be (fair) exchanges when equal values are exchanged to each other. (If the value of different commodities A and B having the same money price P can be added, independently of money, then A must equal P and P must equal B, and therefore A must equal B. In other words, Fisher's equation rests on the assumption that equal exchanges are based on equal exchanges in value, something that is in contradiction with Austrian economics, which says that all exchanges are based on asymmetric differences, not on value equalization.) In other words, Reisman's endorsement of both the concept of marginal utility and Fisher's equation of exchange are mutually contradictory. Therefore his 'integration' is, what Eugen von Böhm Bawerk would call an ecclectic `integration', which is not an integration at all, but a collection of seemingly plausible, but mutually contradictory arguments intended to have one outcome, whatever it takes: Capitalism is true and good. Do not understand me wrong. I am also convinced that only Capitalism is the correct approach to economics. But I would rather see a real system that is a succesfull integration, and not a collection of convincing, but mutually contradicting theories presented as an `integration'.
This makes that you must be very careful in reading Reisman. If you are aware of this, you can learn a lot from this book. For at least he has gathered a strong case in favor of Capitalism, which would be a credit for every advocate defending his client. That is why I gave it 4 stars.
From the Publisher
Human Action, Mises' seminal work, lays out the principles of economics, political economy and the social sciences with a meticulous logic which has prompted many to hail it as the "bible" of economics. This fourth revised edition, features a new hardcover and a new foreword and index by Bettina Bien Greaves.
Customer Reviews:
Drivel.......2007-09-30
The hyperbolic praise heaped on this book comes from a minority. Von Mises's method is proof by intimidation, by sheer length and tedium.
One example suffices: von Mises proves that slavery is impossible, from his axioms. So much for history.
A Work of Genius.......2007-07-30
Human Action is one of the ten most insightful books on economics ever written. This is impressive, but even more impressive that Mises has more than one book on this list (in my opinion). Human Action is the most recent (hopefully not the last) great treatise on political economy. While some treatises compile the ideas of others, there are many original and important insights to this book. Perhaps the most important insight of this book concerns economic calculation. Mises sees economic calculation as the most fundamental problem in economics. The economic problem to Mises is that of action. We act to dispel feelings of uneasiness, but can only succeed in acting if we comprehend causal connections between the ends that we want to satisfy, and available means. Mises is drawing upon Menger's brilliant 1871 book here, but he has his own ideas as well. The fact that we live in a world of causality means that we face definite choices as to how we satisfy our ends. Human Action is an application of Human Reason to select the best means of satisfying ends. The reasoning mind evaluates and grades different options. This is economic calculation.
Economic calculation is common to all people. Mises insisted that the logical structure of human minds is the same for everybody. Of course, this is not to say that all minds are the same. We make different value judgments and posses different data, but logic is the same for all. Human reason and economic calculation have limitations, but Mises sees no alternative to economic calculation as a means of using scarce resources to improve our well being.
Human Action concerns dynamics. The opposite to action is not inaction. Rather, the opposite to action is contentment. In a fully contented state there would be no action, no efforts to change the existing order of things (which might be changed by merely ceasing to do some things). We act because we are never fully satisfied, and will never stop because we can never be fully satisfied. This might seem like a simple point, but modern economics is built upon ideas of contentment- equilibrium analysis and indifference conditions. It is true that some economists construct models of dynamic equilibrium, but the idea of a dynamic equilibrium is oxymoronic to Mises. An actual equilibrium may involve a recurring cycle, but not true dynamics. True dynamics involve non-repeating evolutionary change.
Mises explains dynamic change in terms of `the plain state of rest'. A final state of rest involves perfect plans to fully satisfy human desires. A plain state of rest is a temporary and imperfect equilibrium deriving from past human plans. Though any set of plans is imperfect, to act means attempting to improve each successive set of plans. Movement from one plain state of rest to another represents the process of change, either evolutionary or devolutionary. How then do we experience progress?
Mises links progress and profits. Profits earned from voluntary trades are the indicator of economic success. It is monetary calculation of profits that indicates whether an enterprise has generated a net increase in consumer well being over true economic costs. The close association that Mises draws between economic calculation and monetary calculation leads him to conclude that market prices (upon which monetary profits are calculated) are indispensable to progress in bettering the human condition. Without markets there are no prices, and without prices there is no economic calculation. One point that Mises made, but did not get enough attention, is that monetary calculation takes place primarily in financial markets. This is especially clear on page 704 of the scholar's edition. Monetary calculation is vitally important, but who actually carries out these calculations?
Mises stresses the importance of entrepreneurship because it is entrepreneurs who actually do monetary calculation. This fact puts entrepreneurs at the center of all progress (and failure). Entrepreneurs who estimate costs more correctly than their rivals earn high profits while also serving consumers. Such men rise to top positions in industry. Entrepreneurs who err seriously in their calculations experience financial losses and cease to direct production. Mises described this market test of entrepreneurial skills as the only process of trial and error that really matters. The concepts of monetary calculation, financial speculation, and entrepreneurship form the basis for the von Mises critique of socialism.
Mises has nothing good to say about interventionism either. As for the business cycle, this is generated by the manipulation of interest rates by central banks. It is fairly obvious that Mises opposed the idea of government run economic systems, but Mises did see limited roles for government in providing national defense, police protection, and criminal justice. Some contemporary Mises enthusiasts would disagree, yet the state proposed by Mises would (in my opinion) be a vast improvement over our present state of affairs.
There are too many angles to this book to discuss fully in this review, but the more controversial parts concern methodology. Mises rejects positivism and mathematical economics. As for positivism, Mises does not argue that economics should not be empirical. Mises argues that it CANNOT be empirical. Ideas are logically prior to data of complex phenomena. Without ideas to interpret data on social phenomena we could not make sense of anything in society. Critics of von Mises tend to be totally unaware of this argument.
Mises sees ideas as all-important. It is our ideas that govern our actions. We act because we have ideas as to particular means of dispelling uneasiness. Some see causal connections between government intervention and increased societal welfare. Students of Mises see things differently, because we hold different ideas. This is a very important angle of the Mises paradigm. As Mises wrote in 1922, only ideas can overcome ideas. Marxian notions of the material forces of history and class interest as the prime movers of history are not only wrong, but dangerous because they are anti-rationalist. Ideas matter above all else, and the ideas developed by Mises in Human Action matter above all others.
Genesis.......2007-07-18
Murray Rothbard: "Every once in a while the human race pauses in the job of botching its affairs and redeems itself by producing a noble work of the intellect. . . . To state that _Human Action_ is a `must' book is a greater understatement. This is the economic Bible of the civilized man."
When I make it to the Big Time, the first thing I'll do is hand a free hard-cover copy of Human Action to every chimp on Capitol Hill and whilst I'm at it, I'll maybe even stop by the White House and hand them a few copies. To people who don't know the difference between a Republic and a Democracy this book will provide a lighted runway to the Genesis and rebirth of Free Laissez Faire Capitalism. But they will have to relinquish their misbegotten power to accomplish this feat.
Masterpiece.......2007-05-25
Ludwig von Mises
"The first thing a genius needs is to breathe free air."
"Innovation is the whim of an elite before it becomes a need of the public."
"Value is not intrinsic, it is not in things. It is within us; it is the way in which man reacts to the conditions of his environment. Neither is value in words and doctrines, it is reflected in human conduct. It is not what a man or groups of men say about value that counts, but how they act."
"People do not cooperate under the division of labor because they love or should love one another. They cooperate because this best serves their own interests. Neither love nor charity nor any other sympathetic sentiments but rightly understood selfishness is what originally impelled man to adjust himself to the requirements of society, to respect the rights and freedoms of his fellow men and to substitute peaceful collaboration for enmity and conflict."
"All people, however fanatical they may be in their zeal to disparage and to fight capitalism, implicitly pay homage to it by passionately clamoring for the products it turns out."
"Society is joint action and cooperation in which each participant sees the other partner's success as a means for the attainment of his own."
"Those fighting for free enterprise and free competition do not defend the interests of those rich today. They want a free hand left to unknown men who will be the entrepreneurs of tomorrow..."
Terrible Economics, Terrible Philosophy.......2007-04-19
Ludwig von Mises of the Australian School of Economics finds it perfectly reasonable to make up words such as "praxeology" and expect people to know what he is talking about. Also it is disappointing to note that von Mises apparantly took drugs during his lifetime.
Verdict: Avoid
Product Description
The brilliant economist and teacher sets out why capitalism is right and why socialism is a pathetic failure. A classic work.
Customer Reviews:
Instant pain relief in any environment.......2000-06-07
The book arrived as we were about to leave for Munich. I threw it into my bag and used it just 14 hours later at the Auberstrasser Hotel. I turned to page 61, Headache/Neck Pain, did the exercise in two minutes and the pain was instantly gone.
Several weeks later, at home, the Telecom Twist exercise minimized my lower back pain so greatly that I could function again.
If you experience any kind of pain at home, the office or travel, Office Yoga is the companion you will be glad you took along. It's small 4 1/2" x 7" by 3/8" thick book is convenient to place in your pocket or purse. You will be glad to have it when pain or stress strikes.
Book Description
Office Yoga is a survival handbook for the deskbound; a practical manual of simple movements which you can do a few minutes at a time throughout the day, to relieve the tension and stress of sedentary working life. It gives clear instructions and illustrations for sixty stretching and breathing exercises--simple, safe, and fun to do--most of which can be done sitting in your chair at your desk.
Book Description
Since SAP R/3 exploded on the North American scene in 1993, the SAP consulting market has been phenomenal. As the market moves into a mature phase, SAP consultants need new strategies and tactics to further their careers. In this eagerly-awaited handbook, the authors - an SAP practice director and an SAP recruiter - combine forces to offer in-depth advice on everything from how to get a start in SAP consulting to balancing multiple job offers. This book is a must for anyone involved in the field of SAP consulting.
Download Description
Since SAP R/3 exploded on the North American scene in 1993, the SAP consulting market has been phenomenal. As the market moves into a mature phase, SAP consultants need new strategies and tactics to further their careers. In this eagerly-awaited handbook, the authors -an SAP practice director and an SAP recruiter- combine forces to offer in-depth advice on everything from how to get a start in SAP consulting to balancing multiple job offers. This book is a must for anyone involved in the field of SAP consulting.
Customer Reviews:
Real Wisdon With A Little Humor.......2007-04-08
This book is easy to read and has a fun style. It shows the authors' sense of humor in conveying the potentially "dry" information and with the use of colorful anecdotes.
I found the book to have timeless wisdom about what it takes to succeed as an SAP
consultant, and look at it from both the advantages and disadvantages of
independent consulting versus salaried consulting. The book includes case studies of consultants in transition and how they weighed their priorities and made effective career decisions.
Realizing that SAP information can become stale rapidly, the authors built in a "longevity resource" where readers can access a free website to get Jon Reed's latest career advice and market information.
The greatest benefit is that these guys don't seem to be consumed by their egos. I've emailed Jon with a question I had after reading the book, and he was very responsive.
Charles Akin
A bit disappointed..........2006-08-25
After reading the many wonderful reviews here, I decided to get this book. Honestly, the material was disappointing. Sure, Jon Reed explains what it takes to be a good consultant, but fails to mention how.
I guess, if you're THINKING about making the leap to SAP, this book does give you a very good idea on what to expect. But if you're currently practicing SAP, forget about this book. There's nothing here that you don't already know. There was one chapter though, that did provide something new to me. SAP contracting. Jon Reed explains when to go into contracting, the pros and cons, and even analyzes (with examples) the lifes of some contractors.
Jon Reed undoubtly knows a lot about SAP. But unfortunately this book does not do him justice and does not capture the wealth of information he obviously has. I would've liked a book that explores a typical SAP project environment. How to deal with your team mates, with your clients? The best way of getting information from clients. If you're looking for this sort of information, look elsewhere as it is not here in this book. Other than that, as I said...a good introduction to someone trying to get into SAP.
SAP America trained consultant.......2006-06-21
I worked for SAP America for a few years, and I must say that this book would have been a great learning tool to teach us new employees on the skills of "how to be a software consultant." The authors give good examples on the pros and cons of entering into the world of SAP, and gives some real-time truths behind the software world. I wish that all book about SAP were so up front! Great job Mr. Reed and Mr. Doane.
The SAP Consultant Handbook.......2006-02-28
Our company choose to convert the operating system that we have used for 20+ years and I found myself needing more information about this system. This book gave me a great deal of insight in the workings of the SAP program and how to use all the tools that are built into it. I have offered advice to individuals who are being trained to teach this program and it has helped tremendously. I would recommend this handbook to anyone preparing to adapt SAP into there manufacturing enviroment. Just a note that the SAP consultants that were brought in to assist in starting this program here are making $85.00 an hour.
trying to break into sap? read this book!!.......2004-05-22
trying to break into sap? read this book!! It has a whole
chaoter just on that. really great book. very practical
and knowledgable advices.
Customer Reviews:
Excellent book!.......2004-02-05
This was an excellent book to get a high-level overview of what it takes to start a business. This book wasn't written to be a one source guide. It was written to give you all of the important details and procedures of starting a businees, without all of the fluff. If you want to start a business, but have no knowledge of how to do it, then I recommend this as your first book on the subject.
Don't buy this book.......2002-04-06
This book is useless and a big waste of my $... that I paid for it. While the book is some two hundred pages, the last hundred consist of appendix which could be summarized in less than twenty. The first hundred pages is so completely elementary in nature that I cannot conceive of anyone actually benefiting from its content.
Was interesting,not enough details.......1999-01-29
The book could have more focus on specific jobs instead of a vast variety
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Policy & Current Events
| Popular Economics
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| Books
Human Action: A Treatise on Economics
Man, Economy, and State with Power and Market (Scholars Edition)
The Capitalist Manifesto: The Historic, Economic and Philosophic Case for Laissez-Faire
Ayn Rand: My Fiction-Writing Teacher
Money, Bank Credit, and Economic Cycles
