Book Description
In 1931, when the young F. A. Hayek challenged the economic theories of John Maynard Keynes, sixteen years his senior, and one of the world's leading economists, he sparked a spirited debate that would influence economic policy in democratic countries for decades. Their extensive exchange lasted until Keynes's death in 1946, and is reprinted in its entirety in this latest volume of The Collected Works of F. A. Hayek.
When the journal Economica published a review of Keynes's Treatise on Money by Hayek in 1931, Keynes's response consisted principlally of an attack on Hayek's own work on monetary theory, Prices and Production. Conducted almost entirely in economics journals, the battle that followed revealed two very different responses to a world in economic crisis. Keynes sought a revision of the liberal political order—arguing for greater government intervention in the hope of protecting against the painful fluctuations of the business cycle. Hayek instead warned that state involvement would cause irreparable damage to the economy.
This volume begins with Hayek's 1963 reminiscence "The Economics of the 1930s as Seen from London," which has never been published before. The articles, letters, and reviews from journals published in the 1930s are followed by Hayek's later reflections on Keynes's work and influence. The Introduction by Bruce Caldwell puts the debate in context, providing detailed information about the economists in Keynes's circle at Cambridge, their role in the acceptance of his ideas, and the ways in which theory affected policy during the interwar period.
Caldwell calls the debate between Hayek and Keynes "a battle for the minds of the rising generation of British-trained economists." There is no doubt that Keynes won the battle during his lifetime. Now, when many of Hayek's ideas have been vindicated by the collapse of collectivist economies and the revival of the free market around the world, this book clarifies Hayek's work on monetary theory—formed in heated opposition to Keynes—and illuminates his efforts to fight protectionism in an age of economic crisis.
F. A. Hayek (1899-1992), recipient of the Medal of Freedom in 1991 and co-winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics in 1974, was a pioneer in monetary theory and the principal proponent of classical liberal thought in the twentieth century. He taught at the University of London, the University of Chicago, and the University of Freiburg.
Customer Reviews:
The difference between fixed and circulating capital is fundamental.......2005-07-11
This particular volume of Hayek's collected works covers the very important exchanges between Hayek and Keynes over Keynes's theories of investment and capital originally put forth in 1930 in the Treatise on Money(two volumes).Keynes's General Theory(1936) approaches to investment and capital are the same as in the TM except for Keynes's decision to greatly emphasize the importance of the uncertainty of the information and knowledge base(or,in Ellsberg's terminology,the ambiguity of such information and knowledge) in economic decision making concerning future events(about investment in fixed capital subject to technological change and obsolescence) where the probabilities are both unreliable and unclear.Keynes and Hayek have completely opposite positions concerning the differences between fixed capital,subject to the impact of uncertainty in decision making,and circulating capital,subject to the impact of risk,but not uncertainty.Hayek is very clear-there is no fundamental difference between fixed capital and circulating capital:"To over-emphasize the distinction between fixed and circulating capital,which is, at best,merely one of degree,and not by any means of fundamental importance,is a common trait of English economic theory and has probably contributed more than any other cause to the unsatisfactory state of the English theory of capital at the present time".(Hayek,p.177;see also pp.86,99-100,103-108,168-170,etc.).Hayek's misbelief that he could present a theory of capital that abstracts from uncertainty is in direct contradiction to Keynes's theories that argue[for a modern ,mathematical treatment of Keynes's theories,see any article or book by Dixit and Pindyck on the "real options" approach to investment projects that are fixed(sunk ,durable capital)]that uncertainty and/or ambiguity is fundamental and any attempt to abstract from it can only result in a very special theory applicable in conditions where there is no uncertainty.This book shows the immense gulf that separated Keynes and Hayek intellectually.While Hayek would later acknowledge the importance of uncertainty after the appearance of the General Theory,uncertainty has NO impact at all in the final conclusions reached by Hayek concerning investment and the business cycle.Since uncertainty makes absolutely no difference in the final decision outcome,there is no difference at all between Hayek and a neoclassical economics based on the Ramsey,De Finetti,and Savage subjective approach to decision making.
Book Description
The concept of the Balanced Scorecard has become increasingly popular in the global business world as a tool for balancing business strategy with financial concerns, customer care, internal business processes, and learning and growth. This book focuses on the hands-on experiences of companies across a broad range of organizations at both operational and board level. Drawn from cases in the UK, Europe, the United States, and Japan, the book shows that though Balanced Scorecard has been adopted widely, it is practiced in different forms and with varying degrees of success. Making Scorecards Actionable helps in creating and communicating a total comprehensive strategy to all organizational members from the top down.
* Provides a long-term view of what the company's strategic objectives really are.
* Shows how to make use of knowledge gained through experience.
* Demonstrates the required flexibility of such a system to cope with the fast-changing business environment.
* This book provides a practice-based follow on from the successful Performance Drivers by Olve, Roy and Welter (0471 986232)
Readership: Operational managers, consultants, and business students.
Download Description
"""The attraction of balanced scorecards is to help translate strategy into the stories, business logic and tasks that grab people's imaginations and so result in purposeful action. Yet, too often, it hasn't worked that way. In a refreshingly honest and pragmatic way, the authors analyse both the successes and failures of companies using scorecards and present a practical approach for all top executives facing up to today's challenge of providing a corporate purpose that will live in people's minds."" Lynda Gratton Associate Professor of Organisational Behaviour at London Business School and Dean of the full-time MBA Programme ""Very well worth reading, re-reading and studying. An excellent and simple system to measure and challenge the performance of businesses and their people."" Belmiro de Azevedo President of Sonae SGPS, S.A. "
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- this is a subject wich represent a biig interress for MI
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The Physiology of Plants Under Stress, Abiotic Factors (Physiology of Plants Under Stress Vol. 1)
Erik T. Nilsen , and
David M. Orcutt
Manufacturer: Wiley
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
Flowers
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ASIN: 0471031526 |
Book Description
The first comprehensive treatment of the physiology of plants under stress.
Physiology of Plants Under Stress: Environmental Factors, Volume 1 is a valuable resource for plant physiologists, horticulturists, crop scientists, plant breeders, agronomists, and plant molecular biologists. It provides the most detailed coverage, to date, of the impact of a wide range of environmental variables upon plant structure, development, and growth. Comprehensive in scope, it explores:
* Plant stress physiology fundamentals, including growth regulation, membranes, phytohormones, carbon balance, and the use of stable isotopes in stress studies.
* Relevant physical, chemical, and biological aspects of all forms of environmental stress and their effects upon plant metabolism.
* Multiple levels of adaptation, including behavioral, morphological, anatomical, physiological, and biochemical responses.
* Plant responses to specific environmental stresses such as drought and flooding, light intensity, high heat, chilling and freezing, and other.
* recent advances in microbiology and genetic manipulation in the regulation of metabolic influences.
* And much more.
each chapter concludes with study/review outlines and self-study review questions, making this an ideal text for graduate level courses in plant physiology, horticulture, agronomy, and crop science.
Customer Reviews:
this is a subject wich represent a biig interress for MI.......2000-02-15
THIS SUBJECT IS THE MAIN EF MY PHD AND I WANT TO REWIEW I
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Component Reliability under Creep-Fatigue Conditions (CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences)
Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback
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ASIN: 3211829148 |
Book Description
This book is addressed to professionals active in the design and operation of power plants and those involved in supporting research and development activities in high temperature materials. Following an introduction, typical operating conditions of pressure vessels, pipe-line elements and turbine blades and vanes are described. This includes both steadystate and transient loading. Advanced problems are also covered, such as structural problems, associated with power plant materials, deformation and fracture at high temperatures. Distinctions are made between the processes of crack initiation and crack growth in conducting lifetime assessments. Failure prevention methods, thermal shock problems, details of damage analysis and the possibilities of life extension are also covered.
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The Physiology of Plants Under Stress
Maynard G. Hale , and
David M. Orcutt
Manufacturer: John Wiley & Sons
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0471889970 |
Book Description
As human activities multiply stressful conditions and as agriculture is forced into increasingly inhospitable areas, the need to understand the physiology of plants under stress has become more acute. This book discusses the full range of environmental stresses, including those of drought, temperature, nutrient, salt, irradiation, and allelochemical, and explores plant responses to each.
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The Physiology of Plants Under Stress: Soil and Biotic Factors
David M. Orcutt , and
Erik T. Nilsen
Manufacturer: Wiley
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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Flowers
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ASIN: 0471170089 |
Book Description
This second of a two-part treatise describes the phenomena of plants under stress, describing the relationship between plant structure, development, and growth and such environmental stresses as too much or too little water, light, heat, or cold.
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Plants under Stress: Biochemistry, Physiology and Ecology and their Application to Plant Improvement (Society for Experimental Biology Seminar Series)
Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0521344239 |
Book Description
The effects of stressful conditions on plants such as drought, salinity, waterlogging, and high and low temperatures can have a major impact on plant growth and survival, with important economic consequences in crop plants. This book explores some of the more important stresses, demonstrates how they affect the plant and reviews how new varieties or new species less vulnerable to stress can be selected.
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Water Transport in Plants under Climatic Stress
Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0521442192 |
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Applied Soil Ecology, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
The influence of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus macrocarpum Tul. and Tul. on Bradyrhizobium-inoculated soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill var. IAC-14) growth, nutrients and Pb uptake was studied in soils with different levels of Pb. Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants were grown in a soil amended with 0, 150, 300 and 600mgdm^-^3 of Pb, using Pb(NO"3)"2, and plants were harvested at two different growth stages: flowering and maturity. Soybean shoot dry weights were not affected by increasing doses of lead in the soil, but the number of pods decreased significantly. Nodule dry weights of mycorrhizal roots were reduced by soil Pb additions, although the mycorrhizae stimulated plant nodulation significantly. The inoculation of AMF in soybeans provided higher rates of nutrients uptake, mainly P, inducing greater mycorrhizal-soybean growth. Thus, mycorrhizae improved Pb uptake, produced shoots with Pb concentrations 30% lower than those of non-mycorrhizal plants, at the highest Pb concentration added to the soil. AM fungus was more susceptible to the higher Pb doses added to the soil than the soybean plants, decreasing both root AM colonisation and spore production. This work indicated that a concentration of 600mgdm^-^3 of Pb in the soil interfered with the establishment of double symbioses between AMF and Bradyrizhobium, and with the fungus perpetuation in the soil.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, published by Elsevier in 2005. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Water scarcity is one of the most detrimental effects on crop yield. We studied the effect of water stress on carbon acquisition and allocation to monoterpenes of commercial importance in spearmint and rosemary plants. Increasing levels of water stress reduced photosynthesis and plant biomass. Under increasing water-stress levels photosynthesis was limited by low CO"2 availability due to reduced stomatal and mesophyll conductance, while photochemical and biochemical processes were not affected. At the balsamic period, significantly higher amounts of monoterpenes per unit mass were formed in water-stressed leaves with respect to irrigated controls. However, because of plant biomass reduction, water stress reduced the total yield of monoterpenes. Appropriate irrigation strategies may, therefore, potentially improve yield of monoterpenes in field grown spearmint and rosemary crops.
Customer Reviews:
A must-read for women interested in Jungian psychology.......1999-07-15
The author is both a Jungian and a feminist and presents a sympathetic view of Jung, along with a sensitive, articulate critique of the problems of Jung's work, including the concepts of the anima/animus, etc. The book is thought-provoking, helps to clear up a number of thorny issues regarding Jung's view of women, and is well-written and reader-friendly.
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Jung & feminism: Liberating archetypes
Demaris S Wehr
Manufacturer: Beacon Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0807067342 |
Books:
- Due Diligence for Global Deal Making: The Definitive Guide to Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A), Joint Ventures, Financings, and Strategic Alliances
- Economic and Business Principles in Farm Planning and Production
- Economic Approach to Environment and Natural Resources (with Printed Access Card)
- Economic Sophisms
- Educating Citizens For Global Awareness
- Electricity Economics: Regulation and Deregulation (IEEE Press Series on Power Engineering)
- Elements of Forecasting (with InfoTrac 1-Semester, Economic Applications Online Product, Data Sets Printed Access Card)
- Empirical Studies in Institutional Change (Political Economy of Institutions and Decisions)
- Empirical Techniques in Finance (Springer Finance)
- Ending Hunger in Our Lifetime: Food Security and Globalization (International Food Policy Research Institute)
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