Polymeric Gas Separation Membranes

Book Description

Polymeric Gas Separation Membranes is an outstanding reference devoted to discussing the separation of gases by membranes. An international team of contributors examines the latest findings of membrane science and practical applications and explores the complete spectrum of relevant topics from fundamentals of gas sorption and diffusion in polymers to vapor separation from air. They also compare membrane processes with other separation technologies. This essential book will be valuable to all practitioners and students in membrane science and technology.

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Polymeric Gas Separation Membranes
Robert E. Kesting , and A. K. Fritzsche
Manufacturer: Wiley-Interscience
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0471569313

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With a combined total of more than 50 years experience in industrial membrane research and development, the authors provide an up-to-date qualitative treatment of the structure/function relationship in polymeric gas separation membranes. Describes the most commercially important polymers, membranes, manufacturing processes and technology as well as specific separation by membranes.

The dry phase inversion technique as a tool to produce highly efficient asymmetric gas separation membranes of modified PEEK. Influence of temperature ... circulation [An article from: Desalination]

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The dry phase inversion technique as a tool to produce highly efficient asymmetric gas separation membranes of modified PEEK. Influence of temperature ... circulation [An article from: Desalination]
M. Macchione , J.C. Jansen , and E. Drioli
Manufacturer: Elsevier
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Digital

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ASIN: B000RR9NRW

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This digital document is a journal article from Desalination, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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Dense asymmetric gas separation membranes were prepared from a modified poly(ether ether ketone), PEEKWC. Membranes were obtained by the dry phase inversion technique from a polymer/solvent/nonsolvent (PEEKWC/chloroform/1-butanol) solution. The aim of this work was to study the influence of the temperature and the exposition to an air flux on the membrane morphology and transport properties, in order to obtain a thin skin layer, high gas fluxes and high selectivity. The increase of temperature during the casting and evaporation process (from 20^oC to 65^oC) seems to produce the same effect of the increase of the ventilation above the membranes (at 15^oC). In fact, membranes prepared at high temperatures have a thicker skin layer with respect to membranes obtained at low temperatures, and a low porosity in the supporting sub-layer. High ventilation, i.e. a fast air flow above the cast film, causing rapid solvent evaporation during the phase separation process, also produces a thicker skin and a more compact sub-layer. The best membranes in terms of gas flux and selectivities are obtained at 15^oC without ventilation during the casting process. For these membranes CO"2/CH"4 and O"2/N"2 selectivities are 33.8 and 6.7, respectively and the effective skin thickness is about 1 @mm.

Improving gas separation properties of polymeric membranes based on glassy polymers by gas phase fluorination [An article from: Desalination]

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Improving gas separation properties of polymeric membranes based on glassy polymers by gas phase fluorination [An article from: Desalination]
D. Syrtsova , A. Kharitonov , V. Teplyakov , and G Koops
Manufacturer: Elsevier
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Digital
ASIN: B000RQZ106

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This digital document is a journal article from Desalination, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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The application area of existing gas separation membranes is limited by commercially available polymers for their preparation. In many cases the separation selectivity of these polymers is not sufficient for effective separation processes. One of the ways to improve the separation effectivity of existing membranes from glassy polymers is gas phase fluorination. It is very important to note that this method can be successfully used for modification of polymeric films, different types of membranes (flat sheet and hollow fiber) and membrane modules. The hollow fibers produced from Matrimid 5218 in Twente University and a flat-sheet membrane from polyvinylthrimethilsilane (PVTMS) produced in Russia were investigated. The treatment of samples by fluorination was carried out in closed reactor at 20-22 ^oC with gaseous mixtures of F"2/He of different composition. A gas mixture of different concentrations (2-10 vol.% of F"2) at 1 atm was used The time of fluorination was from 2 min to 265 min. The dependence of the structure of the PVTMS and Matrimid 5218 on gas phase fluorination by IR-spectroscopy and the influence of modification on membrane structure by SEM were studied. The productivity of He, CO"2, N"2 and CH"4 through the membranes modified at different conditions of fluorination was measured, and it was shown that it is possible to achieve a significant increase of He/CH"4, CO"4/CH"4 and He/N"2 selectivity at high level He and CO"2 productivity by this type of modification. Thus, modified membranes and membrane modules can be successfully used for separation of components of biogas in membrane contactors and selective membrane valves for extraction of He/Ne fraction from waste in the metallurgy industry and separation of natural gas components.

Effects of water vapor on the separation of methane and carbon dioxide by gas permeation through polymeric membranes

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Effects of water vapor on the separation of methane and carbon dioxide by gas permeation through polymeric membranes
Gerald Thomas Paulson
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Unknown Binding
ASIN: B00072ZPXS

Book Description

Why is the creation vs. evolution debate so important? Does what you believe about it really matter to the people you talk with? And if you do need to form an opinion, can’t you just pick and choose the best parts of both sides of the discussion? Renowned apologist and Bible teacher Ron Rhodes skillfully answers these questions. This helpful guide gives readers the information they need to form their own convictions and answer other people’s questions.

The ten items at the heart of this debate are explained in an easy–to–understand format, and they include...

The universe had a beginning—and therefore a Beginner.
Fossil evidence and other scientific discoveries contradict evolution.
Creationism makes good sense and agrees with scientific evidence.

Accessible to any reader but thorough enough to be fair, this analysis of the creation vs. evolution debate will encourage believers and guide seekers in their quest for truth.

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Excellent as a Concise Overview and For Refuting Evolutionists.......2006-05-20

This book IN A CONCISE MANNER PEOPLE (it's obviously not meant to be a huge detailed treatise so stop rating it poorly for not being one) covers key reasons as to why evolution and chance creation of the universe (THEORIES, YES PLURAL) are false, and it does an excellent job of it.

Simple view of the debate.......2006-04-12

I always find myself in a quandry in reviewing book on a controversial topic on which I have strong views since I think that a good review should consider the book at least partly in its own terms. Also, believing in freedom of speech, I don't want to blast someone simply for disagreeing with me if they present their topic well. I was reading to learn what the other side thinks.

I agree with those scientists who argue that some things are outside of the purview of science, given that they cannot be empirically tested. I am willing to entertain the hypothesis of miraculous or supernatural occurances and elements in the universe, although I admit I find it unlikely. I am still waiting, however, for someone to explain how to empirically examine them. William Dembski claims to be able to demonstrate the need for Intelligent Design on the basis of empirically measuring "complex specificity", but he remains rather vague as to how this would actually be done.

Comparing this to other books on the topic, it is less scientific but in some ways more honest. Unlike William Dembski, Denyse O'Leary and the inexcusable Philip Johnson, Rhodes doesn't pretend to be concerned with the integrity of science or to be conducting an impartial investigation. His religious agenda is quite frank. He does not include what I call the Classic Clashing Cliches, i.e. that scientists are simultaneously a monolithic juggernaut crushing all dissent AND deserting the idea of evolution in droves.

Have a Bible handy - the book frequently gives citations without quotations. Obviously, if one believes that the Bible is the absolute, most reliable source, before which all other arguments must fail, there is little point in arguing science. The two systems of thought have different standards of truth and aren't comparable. I don't agree with Lewontin that science is the only begettor of truth; I do fault mislabeling nonscience as scientific. I have provided a list of authors at the end of the review who can discuss the science better than I. In this review, I have focussed more on things like internal logic and consistency.

The most interesting and novel part of the book is "Christians have diverse views" the discussion of the beliefs of various creationists, including both their arguments for their conclusions and criticisms from other creationists. Rhodes doesn't declare his own allegiance, but I am guessing that he is a Young-Earth Creationist (YEC). Rhodes hails the arguments from Intelligent Design, but some of these thinkers contradict his views about the ability of evolution to generate new species.

On the other hand, Rhodes is quite insulting about the moral capacities of non-Christians, including atheists like me. He also makes numerous accusations against Darwin for creating social injustices such as racism and sexism. Some of these, like the three-fifths clause in the constitution are absurd, since they predate Darwin, sometimes by thousands of years. I might add, Christianity has come in for considerable criticism on the same subjects and has a history of violence against non-Christians and different forms of Christianity. One might argue that everyone has a history of violence against everyone else, but there is no logical reason for singling out Darwinism for blame.

A lot of Rhodes' "science" seems to be drawn from tertiary sources; e.g., the "proof" that "many scholars" believe that Peking Man is actually a monkey or baboon comes from Willmington's Guide to the Bible and Hanegraaff's The Face That Demonstrates The Farce Of Evolution. Evidence from paleontologists or primatologists would be a lot more convincing. He doesn't seem to understand the idea of "transitional forms." According to the Neo-Darwinian Synthesis, these species are transitional in retrospect, not in prospect, since evolution doesn't have goals. For example, an Archeopteryx is not seen as an attempt to evolve birds, it is a species in its own right and is of course fully functional and fully formed. It becomes "transitional" only if its descendents later evolve novel forms.

On the matter of fossils, Rhodes makes two conflicting arguments. One is that the geologic column of species was formed during a short period of time, during a world-wide flood. In that case, a lack of transitional forms would be moot, since there was no transitional period. The arguments from gaps in the fossil record would then be meaningless. Rhodes sets Creation in the Cambrian period, but there would be no geologic periods if most fossils were laid down at one time.

By the same token, the fossils do not support Creationist theories either. One has to explain how numerous, no longer extant species are found in remnants of the flood, if Noah took all species on board. If one does look at the fossils independent of the flood hypothesis, then one would expect to find fossils of dogs, cats, people, giraffes, etc., in the Cambrian layers.

I am not certain if Rhodes believes in the hypothesis of "kinds", where, for example, one original canid evolved into dogs, wolves, jackals, foxes, etc., or if he is merely recounting it as the belief of other Christians. It would contradict his argument that microevolution can only occur within a species.

While many cultures have tales of massive floods, they do not all consider Noah's family to be the regenerator of the human race as Rhodes states. Various cultures credit the families of Fuhi, Utnapishtim, Manu, Xisuthrus, Tapi, Decaulion & Pyrrha, etc. Their various arks, boats, chests and so forth came to rest in different places.

The book has numerous footnotes and a bibliography, but unfortunately, no index. I like that the running title that appears at the top of the pages of the text also appears as a heading for the notes, so that one does not need to keep flipping back to find chapter numbers. On the other hand, he gives incomplete citations, which would be fine if all his sources were in his bibliography, but they are not. Also, if Rhodes is going to quote an author who is quoting a third person, I believe he should make it a double quote. As an example, he cites an introduction to Darwin's work as quoted by Gish. I think he should have given a citation for the particular edition of Darwin, followed by, "as cited in Gish ... ."

I have not attempted to discuss most of Rhodes' claims about science; this has been done far better than I could do by authors such as Richard Dawkins, Daniel Dennett, Mark Perakh, Robert T. Pennock, Philip Kitcher, Mark Ridley, and various other writers.

Fails to disprove evolution.......2005-10-30

I have read a heck of a lot of the works of Ron Rhodes, especially his Mormon material. As with his treatment of Mormonism, his approach to Evolution is riddled with logical fallacies, such as his fraudulent discussion of the 2nd law of Therodynamics and Maco Evolution, as well as his fudging when it comes to a 6,000 year-old earth and a global flood - just where is the evidence for these and other occurances, apart from circukar reasoning? Also, he ignores the impossibility of a literal approach to Genesis when it comes to the Tower of Babel, by not even attempting to defend this incident and the ultra-literalist apprach he and other creationists have.

This book is nothing more than card-stacking and is only for the gullible or already converted. No individual well-versed in evolution would buy any of the non-sensical assertions Rhodes makes in this book.

Evidence of either intellectual or moral bankruptcy.......2005-02-19

Ron Rhodes has written a lot of books on confronting people who don't agree with his view of things. Here he has written a book on evolution and creation. It is important to note that he is a theologian and not a scientist. And because of his limited background, this book is clear evidence that he is obviously woefully ill-prepared to discuss matters dealing with science.

Many of his arguments come directly from creationist literature (Behe, Morris, Gish and others) or from quotes of scientists taken completely out of context, which is to be expected from someone who desperately wants to get an answer that agrees with what he believes. He is well-versed in creationist literature. However, his perception of evolutionary science is at about the reader's digest level. As a previous reviewer states, he stacks the deck in favor of Young Earth Creationist arguments. Inasmuch, science seems to have no value, and arguments contrary to a 6000 year old earth are completely ignored (radioactivity, stellar distances, complexity in the geologic column, and the outright absurdity of flood geology), and is summarized as "God told us how old the Earth is so everything to the contrary is wrong."

Additionally, the author states that mutations and natural selection can not bring about new species (again, typical creationist dogma), but is, simply put, wrong. New species of plants have originated in recent times (Abbott and Lowe 2004), the same is true of bacteria, some species of which are now able to metabolize nylon (Kato et al. 1995). Both of these references are in scientific journals.

Ron Rhodes' discussion is completely fraudulent at one point- in his discussion of thermodynamics. It is for this reason that I claim he is either intellectually or morally bankrupt. He does not discuss even in the slightest what the second law of thermodynamics is (in order to fully grasp entropy, a mathematical, geometrical, and statistical base is necessary), instead he repeats the creationist adage that the second law prohibits evolution. It is highly unlikely that the source of this information was a science textbook.

The basic statistical gist of the second law of thermodynamics is that a system will tend to explore states when left to its own. This is the Boltzmann definition and has no indication of disorder or order- both of which are human constructs. It is true that in equilibrium mixtures (which are mostly hypothetical) disorder is favored, however in dis-equilibrium systems (which constitute nearly all terrestrial systems) order can be and often is favored. Thus Rhodes' rather incomplete view of the second law of thermodynamics suggests either ignorance or deception. Rhodes has decided either one of two things: to present an argument without having done adequate research into what he is saying (intellectual dishonesty), or is purposefully deceiving his audience (moral dishonesty). Either way, Rhodes' work is suspect.

I am a Christian, but it is people like those cited by Rhodes who drive away many individuals with this dogmatic nonsense who would otherwise come to seek faith. Rhodes is merely parroting misrepresentations that in the end help no one.

I end with a biblical verse and a commandment:
Even the fool when he keeps silent is considered wise, when he closes his lips, intelligent. (Proverbs 17:28)

And

Thou shalt not bear false witness.

Anyone can easily follow this........2004-06-04

**** It's been said that the two books the devil wants people to read the least are Genesis and Revelation. Many think you can either believe science or the Bible, not both. However, the case can be made that you need more faith to believe in macroevolution than in creation. Take the fact that from nothing comes nothing, the lack of transitional fossils, or the outright lies of Darwinism, among other points, and the reader is left with the truth. To support his case, a variety of theologians and scientists including Michael Behe, Hugh Ross, Norm Geisler, William Lane Craig, and Phillip Johnson, etc. The writing is done in lay terms, or when it's not, explained, so anyone can follow it without problems. It is both interesting and informative, demonstrating that you need not bend Genesis to fit science, but that science supports Genesis. ****

Reviewed by Amanda Killgore

Book Description

All papers have been peer-reviewed. The MaxEnt workshops are devoted to Bayesian inference and maximum entropy methods in science and engineering. In addition, this workshop included all aspects of probabilistic inference, such as foundations, techniques, algorithms, and applications. Specific topics included are: information theory; probability theory; quantum systems; source separation; information geometry; Bayesian networks, parametric and non-parametric Bayesian data and image processing; Bayesian computation; entropy computation of Markovian and semi-Markovian processes.

Bayesian Inference & Maximum Entropy Methods in Science & Engineering

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Bayesian Inference & Maximum Entropy Methods in Science & Engineering
Idaho) International Workshop on Maximum Entropy and Bayesian Methods (19th : 1999 : Boise , and L.T. Rychert
Manufacturer: Amer Inst of Physics
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Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0735400032

Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering

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Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering

Manufacturer: American Institute of Physics
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ASIN: 0735400636

Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering: 20th International Workshop, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 8-13 July 2000 (AIP Conference ... Inference,Maximum Entropy)

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Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering: 20th International Workshop, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 8-13 July 2000 (AIP Conference ... Inference,Maximum Entropy)

Manufacturer: American Institute of Physics
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ASIN: 0735400040

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Bayesian inference and maximum entropy methods are central points of new scientific inference in mathematical physics and in all inverse problems in engineering and all probabilistic data analysis. This volume contains peer-reviewed selection of the papers presented at this international workshop.Topics included are: axiomatics and concepts, bayesian parameter estimation, algorithms for bayesian computation, deconvolution and source separation, quantum tomography, tomographic imaging and image processing, as well as bayesian inference in applications.

Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering: 23rd International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods ... Inference,Maximum Entropy)

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Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering: 23rd International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods ... Inference,Maximum Entropy)

Manufacturer: American Institute of Physics
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ASIN: 0735401829

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The papers for these proceedings were peer reviewed. Bayesian inference and maximum entropy methods provide a framework for analyzing very complicated data sets. The areas of application range from signal processing to thermodynamics. Maximum entropy is a theoretical method used to develop data when little information is available. Image enhancement of unclear astronomical data and medical images can be clarified using these methods. The papers in this volume provide applications of these methods to problems such as acoustics, fluids, thermodynamics, information theory, signal processing, astrophysics, medical imaging, proteins, pattern classification, and character recognition.

Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering: 24th International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods ... Inference,Maximum Entropy)

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Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering: 24th International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods ... Inference,Maximum Entropy)

Manufacturer: American Institute of Physics
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ASIN: 0735402175

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All papers were peer reviewed. Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering provide a framework for analyzing ill-conditioned data. Maximum Entropy is a theoretical method to draw conclusions when little information is available. Bayesian probability theory provides a formalism for scientific reasoning by analyzing noisy or imcomplete data using prior knowledge.

Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering: 25th International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods ... / Mathematical and Statistical Phsyics)

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Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering: 25th International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods ... / Mathematical and Statistical Phsyics)

Manufacturer: American Institute of Physics
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ASIN: 0735402922

Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering: 22nd International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods ... Inference,Maximum Entropy)

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Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering: 22nd International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods ... Inference,Maximum Entropy)

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ASIN: 0735401195

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The papers for these proceedings were peer reviewed. Bayesian inference and maximum entropy methods provide a framework for analyzing very complicated data sets. The papers in this volume provide applications of these methods to problems such as medical imaging, weather prediction, intrusion detection, and modeling planetary nebulae. Other papers address foundational questions that underlie these methods. Topics include: estimation and inference; applications in physics; signal separation and classification; inductive logic theory; prior specification; and tutorials.

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Bayesian Inference And Maximum Entropy Methods in Science And Engineering.
Kevin H. (EDT). Knuth
Manufacturer: NY
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback
ASIN: B000N6D3GY

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