Combinatorial Chemistry: A Practical Approach (Practical Approach Series)

Book Description

Combinatorial Chemistry is a genuine practical guide covering all the major areas of combinatorial chemistry from an experimental and conceptual point of view. Being one of the most powerful of modern technologies, combinatorial chemistry has had implications to many areas of chemistry and biology and the current approaches to drug, catalyst, receptor, and materials development and discovery are all included in this volume. It also contains protocols on solid, liquid, and solution phase synthesis and expedient methods of library screening and evaluation. The use of automation and robotics is also explained. It is written at a level easily accessible to novices and will enable readers to use combinatorial techniques to the best advantage.

Bioinformatics and Drug Discovery (Methods in Molecular Biology)

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Bioinformatics and Drug Discovery (Methods in Molecular Biology)

Manufacturer: Humana Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 1588293467

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A collection of readily reproducible bioinformatic methods to advance the drug discovery process from gene identification to protein modeling to the identification of specific drug candidates. The authors demonstrate these techniques, including microarray analysis, the analysis of genes as potential drug targets, virtual screening and in silico protein design, and cheminformatics, in a variety of practical situations. Because these technologies are still emergent, each chapter contains an extended introduction that explains the theory and application of the technology and techniques described.

Combinatorial Materials Synthesis (No Series)

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Combinatorial Materials Synthesis (No Series)
Xiao-Dong Xiang , and Ichiro Takeuchi
Manufacturer: CRC
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0824741196

Book Description

Pioneered by the pharmaceutical industry and adapted for the purposes of materials science and engineering, the combinatorial method is now widely considered a watershed in the accelerated discovery, development, and optimization of new materials. Combinatorial Materials Synthesis reveals the gears behind combinatorial materials chemistry and thin-film technology, and discusses the prime techniques involved in synthesis and property determination for experimentation with a variety of materials. Funneling historic innovations into one source, the book explores core approaches to synthesis and rapid characterization techniques for work with combinatorial materials libraries.

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Evolution as Computation

Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 3540667091

Book Description

The study of the genetic basis for evolution has flourished in this century, as well as our understanding of the evolvability and programmability of biological systems. Genetic algorithms meanwhile grew out of the realization that a computer program could use the biologically-inspired processes of mutation, recombination, and selection to solve hard optimization problems. Genetic and evolutionary programming provide further approaches to a wide variety of computational problems. A synthesis of these experiences reveals fundamental insights into both the computational nature of biological evolution and processes of importance to computer science. Topics include biological models of nucleic acid information processing and genome evolution; molecules, cells, and metabolic circuits that compute logical relationships; the origin and evolution of the genetic code; and the interface with genetic algorithms and genetic and evolutionary programming.

Experimental Design for Combinatorial and High Throughput Materials Development

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Experimental Design for Combinatorial and High Throughput Materials Development

Manufacturer: Wiley-Interscience
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0471203432

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In the past decade, combinatorial and high throughput experimental methods have revolutionized the pharmaceutical industry, allowing researchers to conduct more experiments in a week than was previously possible in a year. Now high throughput experimentation is rapidly spreading from its origins in the pharmaceutical world to larger industrial research establishments such as GE and DuPont, and even to smaller companies and universities. Consequently, researchers need to know the kinds of problems, desired outcomes, and appropriate patterns for these new strategies. Editor James Cawse’s far-reaching study identifies and applies, with specific examples, these important new principles and techniques.

Experimental Design for Combinatorial and High Throughput Materials Development progresses from methods that are now standard, such as gradient arrays, to mathematical developments that are breaking new ground. The former will be particularly useful to researchers entering the field, while the latter should inspire and challenge advanced practitioners. The book’s contents are contributed by leading researchers in their respective fields. Chapters include:

-High Throughput Synthetic Approaches for the Investigation of Inorganic Phase Space
-Combinatorial Mapping of Polymer Blends Phase Behavior
-Split-Plot Designs
-Artificial Neural Networks in Catalyst Development
-The Monte Carlo Approach to Library Design and Redesign

Book Description

The new edition of this practice-oriented handbook features thoroughly updated contents, including recent developments in parallel synthesis.
A new chapter on screening complements the overview of combinatorial strategy and synthetic methods.

"Experimental details and complete reaction data [...] are a constant theme running through this work"
(Angewandte Chemie)

"Recommended to newcomers in the field of combinatorial chemical synthesis because of its broad scope"
(Journal of the American Chemical Society)

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Integrated Drug Discovery Technologies
Houng-Yau Mei , and Anthony W. Czarnik
Manufacturer: CRC
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Book Description

Integrated Drug Discovery Technologies provides a global overview of emerging drug development technologies by presenting and integrating new techniques from the disciplines of chemistry, biology, and computational sciences. It combines integration of contemporary mechanization with strategies in drug delivery. Topics include: functional genomics, microfabrication techniqes, integrated proteomics technologies, high throughput screening, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy methods.

Methods and Principles in Medicinal Chemistry: Microwaves in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (Methods and Principles in Medicinal Chemistry)

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Methods and Principles in Medicinal Chemistry: Microwaves in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (Methods and Principles in Medicinal Chemistry)
C. Oliver Kappe , and Alexander Stadler
Manufacturer: Wiley-VCH
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 3527312102

Book Description

The authors of this guide are experts on the use of microwaves for drug synthesis as well as having much experience in teaching courses held under the auspices of the American Chemical Society and the IUPAC.
In this handy source of information for any practicing synthetic chemist they focus on common reaction types in medicinal chemistry, including solid-phase and combinatorial methods. They consider the underlying theory, latest developments in microwave applications and include a variety of examples from recent literature, as well as less common applications that are equally relevant for organic and medicinal chemists.
An indispensable reference for researchers with an affinity to modern methods.

Handbook of Combinatorial Chemistry: Drugs, Catalysts, Materials (2-Vol. Set)

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Handbook of Combinatorial Chemistry: Drugs, Catalysts, Materials (2-Vol. Set)

Manufacturer: Wiley-VCH
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 3527305092

Book Description

At long last, the mechanism-based and application-oriented handbook of combinatorial chemistry.

Since its very beginning, research in this field has continued to develop at a rapid rate. Increasingly elegant methods are being invented and an even wider range of possible applications is still being discovered, such that combinatorial chemistry is now an integral part of industrial and academic research.

The high-class editorial team - K. C. Nicolaou of The Scripps Institute and UCSD, and R. Hanko and W. Hartwig from Bayer - ensure comprehensive coverage and top quality contributions. This two-volume work deals with synthetic chemistry in all its forms, applications from life sciences, chemistry and
material sciences, all there is to know about compound library design and synthesis, and, of course, the general basics - making it an indispensable reference for synthetic, organic and medicinal chemists, chemical biologists as well as material scientists.

Combinatorial Strategies in Biology and Chemistry

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Combinatorial Strategies in Biology and Chemistry
Annette Beck-Sickinger , and Peter Weber
Manufacturer: Wiley
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Book Description

Combinatorial chemistry has taken the pharmaceutical industry by storm over the past ten to fifteen years. There has been a massive investment in automation by pharmaceutical companies and a demand for graduates/PhDs with experience and knowledge of combinatorial chemistry. These days the academic education of chemists and biologists is gradually converging, so those entering the pharmaceutical industry need to be not only chemistry graduates but also biologists applying their biological knowledge to chemistry.

Many chemists, however, still require experience in biological methods and similarly biologists have not yet realized the power of chemical methods. This book will therefore help ease the transition from biology into chemistry and vice versa, for those working in the combinatorial chemistry field. Because combinatorial chemistry evolved from the requirements of the biology field, the authors have written this book with both biologists and chemists in mind.

Combinatorial chemistry is a new and highly influential area of modern synthetic chemistry based on efficient, parallel synthesis of molecules, as opposed to the use of several synthetic steps, to produce many sets of compounds for biological evaluation. The techniques used in this area are key to the discovery of new drug compounds in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Combinatorial Methods in Chemistry and Biology describes the origins, basics and techniques used both in combinatorial chemistry and molecular biology.

Key features:

First book to cover combinatorial methods in both chemistry and biology - ideal for those with either a chemical or biological background.
Introductory text - ideal for newcomers to the field.
Covers a wide swathe of techniques and topics - providing beginners with a complete overview of the field.
Contains chapters on supporting material and linkers, two important areas in the field.
Up-to-date and topical.

This volume will be of key interest to technicians/scientists working in the pharmaceutical industry with backgrounds in either biology or chemistry. It will also be invaluable to students - postgraduates studying chemistry and molecular biology or those chemistry/molecular biology undergraduates at universities where combinatorial chemistry is taught as a module.

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Heath Chemistry in Text

Manufacturer: D C Heath & Co
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0669203734

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Heath In-Text Laboratory Manual Chemistry (New Edition with Report Sheets)

Manufacturer: D. C. Heath and Company
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback
ASIN: B000BGRPCY

Product Description

D. C. Heath In-Text Lab Manual with report sheets.

Book Description

This invaluable book provides a broad introduction to the fascinating and beautiful subject of many-body quantum systems that can be solved exactly. The subject began with Bethe's famous solution of the one-dimensional Heisenberg magnet more than 70 years ago, soon after the invention of quantum mechanics. Since then, the diversity and scope of such systems have been steadily growing.

Beautiful Models is self-contained and unified in presentation. It may be used as an advanced textbook by graduate students and even ambitious undergraduates in physics. It is also suitable for the non-experts in physics who wish to have an overview of some of the classic and fundamental models in the subject. The explanations in the book are detailed enough to capture the interest of the curious reader, and complete enough to provide the necessary background material needed to go further into the subject and explore the research literature.

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Gives good insights into quantum integrable models.......2004-12-22

The main virtue of this book is that it clears up any confusion regarding the notion of integrability in a quantum system. After an historical overview of the theory of exactly solvable systems in chapter 1, the author recalls the notion of integrability in classical mechanics, restricting his discussion to systems that are governed by a Hamiltonian. Using the standard action-angle canonical transformation he shows that the integrability of a Hamiltonian system is, as is well known, indicated by the presence of a finite set of quantities that are in `involution', i.e. they are constants of motion.

This notion of integrability will not work for finite-dimensional quantum systems, as the author shows by using a system that hypothetically has a set L of mutually commuting operators, this set also including the Hamiltonian. He shows that no two commuting operators are algebraically independent, and at most D commuting operators are linearly independent, where D is the dimension of the eigenspace of one of the operators. The author then presents a notion of integrability that is less trivial, in that it will give information on the dynamics of the quantum system.

Since quantum systems are typically systems of particles that are interacting with each other, the dynamical events of interest are the scattering events. Indeed, the scattering theory of quantum systems is highly developed, and has inspired an enormous amount of research in both physics and mathematics. The author justifies the viability of this notion of integrability by considering several elementary systems, starting in one dimension and considering one and then two particles, he shows that energy and momentum conservation are strong enough to force the momenta of the scattered particles to be merely rearrangements of the incoming momenta (the particles essentially "pass through one another").

Things are more complicated when three particles are considered. Energy and momentum conservation can no longer insure that the asymptotic momenta are merely rearrangements of the incoming momenta. The famous `Bethe ansatz' though allows the determination of ratios of amplitudes for scattering in terms of two-body collisions. Genuine 3-body scattering is to be included in the total asymptotic wavefunction, which will deviate from a plane wave as it emerges from a 3-body overlap region. The author call this `diffractive' scattering, and he notes that it will not occur for exactly solvable systems. For generic one-dimensional systems it will occur however, and this prohibits the use of Bethe ansatz. The presence of diffractive scattering will prohibit the occurrence of a third independent conserved quantity, and this gives the author a criterion for defining `non-integrability.' The quantum systems considered in the book are `integrable' and thus do not support diffractive scattering. The consequences of diffractionless scattering in quantum systems are for the author just as interesting as what happens in classical integrable system, and he has written this book to elucidate the properties of these "beautiful" systems.

Early on in the book the author discusses various techniques that will be used in analyzing the systems throughout the book. These techniques arise in the analysis of systems that are in the ground state and just above the ground state, and when they are at finite temperature. The systems that are studies are all integrable and nondiffractive, and thus obey what the author calls the `fundamental equations', which are coupled equations for the momenta of the system. Systems governed by the delta-function, inverse-square, and hyperbolic potentials are a few those considered when discussing these techniques.

An entire chapter of the book is devoted to the Heisenberg-Ising model, which was the first one that was tackled using the Bethe ansatz and is a model for a magnetic chain and a quantum lattice gas. This model is integrable, or "diffractionless" as an application of the Bethe ansatz proves, and the author shows how to obtain a complete set of equations for the spectrum using this ansatz. The ground state energy in zero flux and zero field is calculated, and this calculation is then generalized to the case of non-zero field and flux.

Also considered in the book are exchange models, which are quantum systems that have potentials that allow the exchange of quantum numbers between two particles. The author shows how to take some of the potentials that are considered in the book, such as the hyperbolic potential, and modify them to obtain exchange potentials. The hyperbolic potential in particular is strongly repulsive at the origin, and so the wavefunction of two particles will vanish when they meet, prohibiting mixing of different types of particles. This can be alleviated by the incorporation of permutation operator that exchanges the two particles.

The author also discusses the famous Hubbard model in the last chapter of the book. This model, used in condensed matter physics for modeling systems of strongly interacting electrons, is integrable in one dimension, as the author shows using again the Bethe ansatz.

The best chapter of the book is chapter 7, for therein the author addresses in detail more general questions on the property of integrability and how to prove when a system is integrable and when it is not. Noting that there is no optimal way to show that a system is integrable, he discusses various approaches to showing integrability of systems that support scattering. The discussion in this chapter is very lucid, and consequently readers will gain a lot of insight into the properties of integrable systems, particularly in the role of the Yang-Baxter equations and the subsequent notion of a `transfer operator'. The author's explanation of a transfer operator as corresponding to the scattering of test particle with all the other particles is one that clarifies its role and is an explanation that is not found in the literature on exactly solvable systems. He also gives a very interesting discussion of the physics behind non-integrability, using as examples scattering of light rays off wedges of mirrors. These examples serve to shed more light on the behavior of nonintegrable systems, which is more helpful than mere mathematical calculations.

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