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Desert Water
Mark Lisk
Manufacturer: Graphic Arts Center Publishing Company
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ASIN: 1558688587 |
Book Description
When we think of the desert, we almost never associate it with water. Rather we define it by the very absence of water. Yet the desert was carved by water-canyons, arroyos, ravines, chasms, washes-and water, in any amount, is the desert's most precious and mysterious commodity. Small creeks flow at night, but dry up and disappear during daylight hours, only to return when the sun goes down. And after torrential rains, entire rivers can form with small fish appearing out of what had been only a dusty streambed. Small springs can support a variety of wildlife as well as pinyon, juniper trees, and yuccas. These hydro-miracles are chronicled in this new full-color book by landscape photographer MARK LISK and author WILLIAM FOX. In his fascinating essay, Fox examines water and its role in the North American desert, covering rivers, trapped water pockets, oases, freshwater lakes, salt and alkali lakes, and lake beds left by ancient floods in the five major desert regions in North America.
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Ecology and Management of Invasive Riverside Plants (Landscape Ecology)
Louise C. De Waal ,
Lois E. Child , and
Max Wade
Manufacturer: John Wiley & Sons Ltd (Import)
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ASIN: 047194257X |
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- Outstanding Text, Authoritative and Comprehensive
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Riparian Landscapes (Cambridge Studies in Ecology)
George P. Malanson
Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
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ASIN: 0521384311 |
Book Description
Riparian Landscapes examines the ecological systems of streamside and floodplain areas from the perspective of landscape ecology. The author describes the specific spatial pattern of riparian vegetation as a result of, and a control on, the ecological, geomorphological, and hydrological processes that operate along rivers. He also discusses the role of the riparian zone in controlling species distribution and abundance and highlights the intelligent management of these valuable ecological resources. Finally, Malanson explores the potential for linking hydrological, geomorphological and ecological simulation models.
Customer Reviews:
Outstanding Text, Authoritative and Comprehensive.......2000-09-14
Malanson's book deals with the interweaving of principles of biogeography with those of landscape ecology, using riparian landscapes as his study setting. He skillfully illustrates the importance of such landscapes from both a physical and a sociocultural perspective. His work is based on extensive scientific research on rivers and their edges, in Iowa, Montana, and Utah. He is The Authority on this topic.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Biological Conservation, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Many studies have reported increased numbers of certain synanthropic species in urbanizing landscapes, but few have evaluated if urban habitats constitute ecological traps for these species. The Northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) was used as a model species to evaluate if urban riparian forests might act as ecological traps for understory-nesting birds. Cardinals were surveyed within 2-ha riparian forest plots within rural (n=6) and urban (n=6) landscapes in Ohio USA during breeding and non-breeding seasons 2003-2005. Cues used by cardinals to select habitats were identified based on measurements surrounding 219 nests and in 106 randomly-located plots and 96 systematically-located plots. Productivity of 161 cardinal pairs and survival of 180 adults were monitored from late March-September, 2003-2005. Cardinals were 1.7x (in the breeding season) to nearly 4x (in non-breeding season) more abundant in urban than rural forests, and the results suggest that these differences in abundance stemmed from urban-associated changes in habitat and microclimate features used by cardinals to select habitats. Most notably, cardinals were strongly associated with dense understory vegetation and warmer minimum January temperatures, both of which were promoted as urban development increased within the landscapes surrounding riparian forests. Although other studies suggest mismatches between the habitat cues used by cardinals and how those features affect nesting success (e.g., higher nest predation in exotic shrubs), these results provide no evidence that urban forests were acting as ecological traps for cardinals. Instead, cardinals in urban and rural forests had similar numbers of nesting attempts, young fledged over the breeding season, and apparent annual survival rates. Thus, these findings do not support for the idea that urban forests in central Ohio represent ecological traps for synanthropic understory birds.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
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Riparian habitats play a major role in biodiversity conservation in intensive agricultural landscapes because they represent remnants of both wetland and woody habitats available for wildlife. The importance of herbaceous, shrubby and wooded riparian habitats for the conservation of biodiversity (plants, amphibians, reptiles, birds, small mammals) is well documented for the Boyer River watershed (southern Quebec, Canada). This paper examines their conservation value for these different taxonomic groups at the watershed level and the possible effects on wildlife of various landscape modification scenarios. The overall species richness and insectivorous bird abundance in the watershed would increase markedly if there were more wooded strips in the landscape mainly due to additional plant and bird species. A scenario where all three types of riparian strips would be well-represented in the watershed is most likely to be implemented. This scenario would be the most beneficial to wildlife communities because of high native species diversity within wooded strips combined with the presence of unique species associated with each of the three types of strips. Encouraging landowners to protect existing wooded riparian habitats would be the most effective and cost-beneficial method to maintain current level of habitats distribution in the landscape, and to favour the establishment of new shrubby and wooded strips in the Boyer River watershed.
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This digital document is a journal article from Forest Ecology and Management, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
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Nitrogen (N) inputs to the world's aquatic ecosystems have increased over the past 100 years. Riparian zones and other wetlands are known to remove N from ground and surface waters before they enter lakes and streams. However, the effect of riparian wetlands on water quality has been shown to differ dramatically among sites. Sources of landscape variation in riparian N dynamics have been poorly documented and rarely quantified. Within the Lake Tahoe Basin (LTB), we hypothesized that differences in riparian N dynamics correlate to differences in ecosystem type. To test this hypothesis, we randomly selected 20 plots, four each of five ecosystem types, along a tributary to Lake Tahoe. Throughout the snow-free season, we measured soil N transformations and groundwater chemistry in each plot. We found significant differences in denitrification potential, net mineralization, net nitrification and groundwater nutrient flux among different ecosystem types. These results suggest that classification of riparian zones into ecosystem types might be useful in predicting landscape differences in riparian water quality effects. We also tested for factors expected to directly and indirectly control riparian N process rates using data collected at each study site. Using correlation and multiple regression analysis, we found that N process rates were most highly correlated with different control factors according to ecosystem type. Differences in direct and indirect control factors among ecosystem types indicate that construction of mechanistic, landscape models of riparian processes might be most accurately done by stratifying the riparian zone into ecosystem types rather than by viewing it as a single, homogeneous part of the watershed.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Landscape and Urban Planning, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
We investigated the effects of watershed urbanization on streamflow characteristics and the riparian vegetation community of Los Penasquitos Creek, in coastal Southern California. We used stream gage records to assess streamflow changes and historic aerial photographs to measure land use and riparian vegetation changes in the watershed. During the period 1966-2000, urban land uses increased from 9% to 37% of the watershed. Over the same time period, median and minimum daily discharges, dry-season runoff, and flood magnitudes in Los Penasquitos Creek increased significantly. Altered channel geomorphology and a doubling of the area of riparian vegetation accompanied changes in streamflow characteristics. The increased area of impervious surfaces and imported municipal water supplies associated with urbanization in the watershed have driven changes in the historic riparian vegetation community by altering streamflow characteristics and channel geomorphology. Thus, watershed urbanization in coastal Southern California can significantly modify the character and integrity of stream and riparian ecosystems, which has significant implications for their conservation in the light of rapid pace of urbanization in the region.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Forest Ecology and Management, published by Elsevier in 2005. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
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Species accumulation curves were used to study relationships between herpetofaunal richness and habitat characteristics on four watersheds in Arkansas that differed markedly with respect to management intensity. Selected habitat characteristics were estimated for stands containing the sample points and within buffers with radii of 250, 500m, and 1km surrounding the sample points. Richness of all three herpetofaunal groups (amphibians, reptiles, and all herpetofauna) was greater in hardwood forests than in pine or mixed pine-hardwood. For all three groups, the youngest forest age class had the most species. For amphibians and total herpetofauna, richness declined as stand ages increased. Reptiles had the highest richness at sample points with the lowest class of stand basal area (BA), whereas amphibians were richest at points having the highest BA. In contrast to expectations, there was no effect of distance from water on richness of any taxa; however, we may have had incomplete data on the spatial distribution of small ponds outside the sample plots because they were not recorded in the GIS data. Results for distance to roads were ambiguous, but with more separation of compared curves as more plots were sampled, a positive influence of road proximity was suggested. There was a positive effect of buffer age diversity at the 250m scale for all three herpetofaunal groups, but less so at scales >250m except for amphibians, which also showed a positive effect at the 1km scale. The two most intensively managed watersheds had higher species richness than the two less intensively managed watersheds for reptiles, amphibians, and both groups combined. In this study landscape, where urban and agricultural influences were minimal, we did not observe negative impacts of forest management and associated activities, and local habitat heterogeneity created by silviculture often had a positive effect on herpetofaunal species richness.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Landscape and Urban Planning, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
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We analyze the factors driving land use within and outside riparian zones in four small (about 800ha) watersheds in Brittany. The results show a difference between riparian and non-riparian zones (less used for grassland), but other factors are also important, such as field size or farm management type. In large farms, small fields are easily abandoned. A multivariate analysis with farm and field characteristics explains 30% of land use variation. Our results suggest that farm type deflects land use from the regional mode, so it is important, in the implementation of environmental zoning, to assess constraints at the farm level.
Book Description
This digital document is an article from Polymer Engineering and Science, published by Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc. on July 1, 2001. The length of the article is 3770 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Citation Details
Title: Blends of Two Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymers: The Influence of Reactions During Injection Molding on the Phase Structure and the Mechanical Behavior.(Statistical Data Included)
Author: F.j. Vallejo
Publication:
Polymer Engineering and Science (Refereed)
Date: July 1, 2001
Publisher: Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.
Volume: 41
Issue: 7
Page: 1115
Article Type: Statistical Data Included
Distributed by Thomson Gale
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Optimal Shape Design: Lectures given at the Joint C.I.M./C.I.M.E. Summer School held in Troia (Portugal), June 1-6, 1998 (Lecture Notes in Mathematics / Fondazione C.I.M.E., Firenze)
B. Kawohl ,
O. Pironneau ,
L. Tartar , and
J.-P. Zolesio
Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback
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ASIN: 3540679715 |
Book Description
Optimal Shape Design is concerned with the optimization of some performance criterion dependent (besides the constraints of the problem) on the "shape" of some region. The main topics covered are: the optimal design of a geometrical object, for instance a wing, moving in a fluid; the optimal shape of a region (a harbor), given suitable constraints on the size of the entrance to the harbor, subject to incoming waves; the optimal design of some electrical device subject to constraints on the performance. The aim is to show that Optimal Shape Design, besides its interesting industrial applications, possesses nontrivial mathematical aspects. The main theoretical tools developed here are the homogenization method and domain variations in PDE. The style is mathematically rigorous, but specifically oriented towards applications, and it is intended for both pure and applied mathematicians. The reader is required to know classical PDE theory and basic functional analysis.
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Finite Element Approximation for Optimal Shape Design: Theory and Applications
J. Haslinger , and
P. Neittaanmaki
Manufacturer: John Wiley & Sons Inc
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ASIN: 0471920797 |
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Optimal Shape Design for Elliptic Systems (Scientific Computation)
Olivier Pironneau
Manufacturer: Springer
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ASIN: 0387120696 |
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Shape Optimization and Optimal Design (Lecture Notes in Pure and Applied Mathematics)
Manufacturer: CRC
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ASIN: 0824705564 |
Book Description
This volume presents developments and advances in modelling passive and active control systems governed by partial differential equations. It emphasizes shape analysis, optimal shape design, controllability, nonlinear boundary control, and stabilization. The authors include essential data on exact boundary controllability of thermoelastic plates with variable transmission coefficients.
Customer Reviews:
very good.......2001-10-04
A useful book filled with interesting and important papers. At least some of them are, i haven't read them all...
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Chemical Engineering Journal, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Most microdevices are usually developed ad hoc, on the basis of engineers' experience-there is no systematic procedure for developing a microdevice. In this research, as the first step for the systematic design of microdevices, a design problem of a plate-fin microdevice was focused on, and characteristics of flow pattern inside plate-fin microdevices were investigated by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The simulation results show that the flow uniformity among branched microchannels depends largely on shapes of manifolds, length and location of fins, and inlet flow rate. A CFD-based optimization method is proposed for the design of plate-fin microdevices. With the proposed method, the optimal manifold shape that minimizes space time under the constraint on flow uniformity is automatically derived. The proposed method has a potential as an optimal design tool for various devices.
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Despite the general resistance to his work on the part of his literary contemporaries, and their disapproval of his homoeroticism, Walt Whitman experienced incredible success during his lifetime. After the 1855 publication of Leaves of Grass (the first of nine editions of the book he personally saw through the press), he fast became America's national poet. He was asked to write poems commemorating the victims of natural disasters and was offered a free burial plot in exchange for a poem lauding the cemetery's beauty. Millionaire Andrew Carnegie was one of his vigorous supporters.
Whitman's success is most likely the result of the approachability--he wrote often of the immediate: the sounds of the city, men bathing in the river, the mystery around the next corner--and sheer beauty of his poems. He was also an expert self-promoter. Long before the advent of the blurb in contemporary publishing, Whitman would include reviews of his books in the appendices. Many of these were actually written by him and a few were even critical, in order to maintain a sense of objectivity. He carefully controlled his public image, but assiduously guarded his private realm, which is why, more than a century after the poet's death, debate still rages about his sexual proclivity--there simply isn't enough proof one way or another. The Song of Himself, the first comprehensive biography of Whitman in 20 years, is rich with details of its subject's life and times and cogent analysis of his poetry--a book that is sure to increase readers' understanding of the great poet and reinvigorate their interest in his work. --Anna Baldwin
Book Description
Walt Whitman: The Song of Himself is the first full-length critical biography of Walt Whitman in more than forty years. Jerome Loving makes use of recently unearthed archival evidence and newspaper writings to present the most accurate, complete, and complex portrait of the poet to date. This authoritative biography affords fresh, often revelatory insights into many aspects of the poet's life, including his attitudes toward the emerging urban life of America, his relationships with his family members, his developing notions of male-male love, his attitudes toward the vexed issue of race, and his insistence on the union of American states. Virtually every chapter presents material that was previously unknown or unavailable, and Whitman emerges as never before, in all his complexity as a corporal, cerebral, and spiritual being. Loving gives us a new Poet of Democracy, one for the twenty-first century.
Loving brings to life the elusive early Whitman, detailing his unhappy teaching career, typesetting jobs, quarrels with editors, and relationships with family and friends. He takes us through the Civil War--with Whitman's moving descriptions of the wounded and dying he nursed, the battlegrounds and camps he visited--demonstrating why the war became one of the defining events of Whitman's life and poetry. Loving's account of Whitman's relationship with Ralph Waldo Emerson is one of the most complete and fascinating available. He also draws insights from new material about Whitman's life as a civil servant, his Lincoln lectures, and his abiding campaign to gain acceptance for what was regarded by many as a "dirty book." He examines each edition of Leaves of Grass in connection with the life and times that produced it, demonstrating how Whitman's poetry serves as a priceless historical document--marking such events as Grant's death, the completion of the Washington monument, Custer's defeat, and the Johnstown flood--at the same time that it reshapes the canon of American literature.
The most important gap in the Whitman record is his journalism, which has never been completely collected and edited. Previous biographers have depended on a very incomplete and inaccurate collection. Loving has found long-forgotten runs of the newspapers Whitman worked on and has gathered the largest collection of his journalism to date. He uses these pieces to significantly enhance our understanding of where Whitman stood in the political and ideological spectra of his era.
Loving tracks down the sources of anecdotes about Whitman, how they got passed from one biographer to another, were embellished and re-contextualized. The result is a biography in which nothing is claimed without a basis in the factual record. Walt Whitman: The Song of Himself will be an invaluable tool for generations to come, an essential resource in understanding Leaves of Grass and its poet--who defied literary decorum, withstood condemnation, and stubbornly pursued his own way.
Customer Reviews:
From a Former Student.......2006-05-16
I took a Whitman seminar from Dr. Loving, and this was our textbook. It is very dy, and very full of detail. I love Whitman's work, and reading this biography really helped me understand more about it.
The good gray poet of Camden.......2003-07-31
The poet died in 1892. In life he became notorious and a positive influence on the reformers of the day. The author states he supplied the model for the count in Bram Stoker's DRACULA. The first edition of LEAVES OF GRASS was 1855, the last 1881. Whitman was not as solitary as previously assumed. For the poet the Civil War became a marriage ceremony of sorts. At forty three Whitman was too old for the rigors of combat. In 1862 Whitman went to the front in search of his brother George. Subsequently traveling to Washington D.C. he began his career as a wound dresser. Whitman immersed himself in the pathos of the terrible struggle.
Whitman's capacity to love was the dynamo of LEAVES OF GRASS. He was a former printer, second son in the family. Whitman's ancestry was essentially Dutch and English. He concluded his formal schooling at age eleven. Between 1836 and 1841 Whitman taught at eight district schools on Long Island. By 1855 Whitman had read Emerson. In 1840 he made the prophetic announcement that he was thinking of writing a book. The tone of Whitman's early writings is moralistic. Whitman wrote a temperance novel entitled FRANKLIN EVANS.
Whitman was a privte poet who made public his boundless affection for the one in the many. Whitman was no New England reformer. His utopia was not an agrarian retreat. In the 1840's Whitman dressed in a conventional way. Whitman loved Indian names and thought the nation was losing something through its policy of Indian removal. At the same time he had Darwainian confidence that the Indians faced extinction. Whitman was appalled by capital punishment. He saw the matter within the context of the haves and the nave-nots.
The Bible was an influence later on his poetry. Whitman was editor of the BROOKLYN EAGLE 1846-1848. Whitman saw slavery as a social evil. He never became an abolitionist in a political or formal sense. Whitman lost his job and traveled south to New Orleans. He worked at the CRESCENT but later separated from that publication possibly by mutual agreement. His favorite poet was William Cullen Bryant. It may have occurred to him at this time that he was wearing out his opportunities in journalism. Travel beyond Long Island and New York City had fed his imagination at least.
Whitmam, a product of "charity schooling", was socially and economically different from Emerson and others. Whitman was involved in Free-Soil politics. He became the editor of the FREEMAN. As the paper adopted a softer tone, Whitman was pushed out of the editorial office. LEAVES OF GRASS began to take shape in his mind in the 1850's. Parallels abound between Emerson's first two collections of essays and Whitman's first three editions of LEAVES OF GRASS. Whitman was interested in problems of democracy and the development of genius. He probably heard or knew of Emerson's address "Natural Aristocracy." Whitman was awash in romantic ideas about art and the artist.
Whitman's favorite composers of opera were Rossini, Donizetti, Bellini, and Verdi. Italian opera emphasized the human voice over the orchestration. It is because of Italian opera that LEAVES OF GRASS may be read aloud. BEL CANTO sent Whitman into moments of rapture. LEAVES OF GRASS is a solitary act. The terms leaves and grass are printer's lingo. The use of leaves in a book title was common. Whitman felt that the genius in the United States was always in the common people. Emerson wrote that famous letter on July 21, 1855 greeting Whitman "at the beginning of a great career."
Whitman blurred the difference between poetry and prose. Whitman took the single line as the rhythmical unit. James Russell Lowell supported Whitman's poetry with reservations. Richard Moncton Milnes was a notable English supporter. Alcott left a full account of a visit with Whitman in 1856. Emerson thought the poet should use self-censorship on his Children of Adam poems for the 1860 edition. The only contemporary response to homosexuality and the Calamus poems was a letter of the English critic John Aldington Symonds in 1890. William Dean Howells and Henry James did not like the poetry in DRUM TAPS or any of the other offerings of Whitman. William Rossetti arranged for an English edition of LEAVES OF GRASS.
Whitman was a commencement speaker at Dartmouth in 1872. In the 1870's he moved to Camden and suffered the first stroke. Ill health did not prevent him from being productive in later life. His last essay treated Elias Hicks, a Quaker artist, who had been an influence on his work. This critical biography is excellent.
Most comprehensive, and least theory-ridden Whitman Bio........2001-02-10
In this latest biography of quite possibly the most important American poet, Jerome Loving takes on a Herculean labor: to present the facts about a man who endeavored to create himself as an icon, and who has been taken up by a dozen causes and ideologies as one of their own (some have regarded Whitman as a religious figure on par with Christ, a homosexual liberator, or a proto-communist). The result of a great deal of combining and comparing, winnowing opinion, propaganda, and rumor, is a cautious, complex, and detailed view of the facts of Whitman's life.
On the issues currently 'hot' in debate about the poet (his homosexuality or lack thereof, his attitudes towards immigrants, women, and African-Americans), Loving doesn't succumb to the temptation to either sanctify his subject or make him simply a partisan of the current opinions, but rather weighs and presents the evidence in as close to an impartial manner as I've seen. The lack of a simplistic, overarching narrative to Loving's life of Whitman (the kind of narrative found in many other bios) is true to the facts of life and scholarship--sometimes we can't know. I've found this book scrupulously up-to-date; it corrects many factual errors found in earlier Whitman bios. It is required reading for any Whitman scholar, and a good read as well for those interested in knowing more about the Good Grey Poet than his poems tell us by themselves.
"I felt as if I was by the poets side each and every moment........1999-08-22
After reading Loving's book on Whitman it only enhanced my spirit to read and analyze more of this Poet's life and poetry. I decieded to write about Whitman in my class at college and used Loving's book as a research means together with other books form the university library. I feel as if I know more about good "Old Walt" then I do my own family. This was truly a good read. Enjoy!!!
Life detailed more than revealed.......1999-05-26
As a probably a-typical reader (I've not read Whitman's poems very thoroughly or very recently), I was nonetheless very interested to read about his life in incredible detail. Loving chronicles Whitman's movements to and fro - professionally, geographically, and artistically. His ability to deliver the flavor of the era via exposition of the political and social issues is quite good, however, at the "juiciest" of moments you sometimes feel disappointed. For example, there is quite a bit written about Whitman's Free Soil politics vs. abolistionist and how that ultimately destroys his friendship with his stalwart supporter O'Connor. The information is conveyed -- but I feel that I am missing some of the passion -- of their relationship to begin with -- and then of the heated argument they reportedly had. Perhaps this information was unavailable.
I could conclude that Loving did not wish to guess -- but on several occasions in the book he speculates freely and without tons of support. I guess I would have prefered more freedom to speculate by the scholar.
Still - if the reader is seeking a landscape upon which to speculate this should indeed be ample.
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